What is detonation in an aircraft engine, and why is it dangerous?

Detonation in an aircraft engine refers to a sudden and uncontrolled explosion in the combustion chamber. This phenomenon occurs when the fuel-air mixture ignites prematurely or at an unpredictable time during the compression stroke, rather than at the designated point in the power stroke.

The dangers of detonation are significant. When detonation occurs, it can create excessive pressure and temperature spikes that the engine components may not be able to withstand. This can lead to severe damage, such as engine knock, piston or cylinder head failure, and overall engine destruction. Detonation can also result in a loss of power and efficiency, making it critical for pilots and maintenance personnel to monitor and manage engine conditions to prevent this hazardous situation from arising.

The other options do not accurately describe detonation. For example, a gradual increase in engine temperature over time relates to overheating issues rather than the explosive characteristics of detonation. A decrease in engine power output might indicate other operational problems but does not describe the sudden nature of detonation. Similarly, a malfunction in the fuel injection system could lead to performance issues but does not define what detonation is or its consequences.